People ate the liver, kidney, heart, tongue, eyes, testicles, marrow from the bones, and cuts of meat. The meat was dried and preserved or eaten right after the kill often raw. The meat was dried and then pounded with hammers. Wild choke cherry juice was boiled with crushed meat bones. After this mixture cooled, the grease was skimmed off and mixed with the dried meat.
Pemmican made this way could last for months and was easy to carry. The Plains Indians had to have sturdy and effective weapons and tools. They had to use the resources that were available in their area. They did not yet have the technology to use metal. The tools and weapons were very efficient.
To research about Plains Indians and their weapons and tools, I visited a local man who has been collecting and finding Indian artifacts for forty years. Dudney has many types of arrowheads in his collection. He looks around a water source and along high ground where a campsite would not have been flooded.
He usually goes searching after the farmers have tilled the ground. He looks for flint chips along the ground. He says to always keep your eyes open, because you never know what you might find.
Arrowheads are found in many sizes, shapes, materials and colors. How the arrowhead looks depends on the culture that made it, the area, the material, and the intended use of it. Certain types of arrowheads are, however, more commonly found in some parts of the country than in others, depending on the availability of stone, the obsidian arrowhead and gem point made of agate, jasper and the mere colorful stones are far more common in Oregon and the Pacific Northwest , where these materials are more abundant.
In northern Colorado , by contrast, obsidian deposits are difficult to find. An arrowhead made of petrified wood would probably be more common in Arizona , New Mexico or Colorado , than a Great Plains state.
An arrowhead made of quartzite might be found in almost every state, because it is one of the most commonly available materials. Chert is also commonly found in many areas. The parts of an arrowhead consist of the point, body and base. The bevel is the slope or slant of the surface or face of the edge of the arrowhead at each side. Their notch type categorizes arrowheads.
The notching of an arrowhead makes it different from other arrowheads. Arrowheads are classified into seven categories: side notched, bottom notched, corner notched, corner and bottom notched, side and bottom notched, stemmed and bottom notched, and notchless triangular or notchless stemmed. Most tips are the same, other than the flaking pattern. The materials that arrowheads and knives are made of are very hard, the harder the stone the better the point or blade will be.
The Indians did not have steel or hard metal to gouge out hard stone; many people thought that a strange process was used to make the tools. Material for points are found in natural pebbles found along creeks or it is broken from rocky ledges of flint, novaculite , jasper, chalcedony, chert obsidian, or other hard brittle stone.
A piece is held in the left hand and struck a curving blow with a hammer-stone. The hammer-stone trims off the chips on one-sided at a time, or both as the nature of the stone and its shape dictates.
Chipping the stone requires directing the blow in the right direction and using the right amount of force. The blow causes a shell —shaped chip to come off. The chipping process continues until the stone is takes its general shape.
To finish the process a bone or antler-chipping tool is used to press off a small flake. It takes great skill to cut in the barbs of the edge. Pressing out a small chip, turning the blade over and pressing in on the other side, does this.
The process is kept up by alternating the direction of the chipping, from side to side, until the notch is deep enough. Many products were ruined before they were finished, because flint breaks so easily.
The stunner is a type of arrowhead. Dudney said the stunner was used to stun an animal that the hunter did not want to kill. Some tribes did not believe in killing certain animals, like an eagle. An eagle might be stunned so that feathers could be collected. Looking through the timeline, it can be said that these items can be categorized as prehistoric tools and weapons.
These stone age weapons and tools reveal a whole lot of things regarding how these Native Americans have lived during the stone age, how they have survived, and how creative they were. Knowing about stone age tools and their uses is one way for the present people to understand more the Native Americans and what they went through in order to survive. This article summarizes all the other account of stone age tools and impements and their uses. Obviously, it is the term used for items that are made of stones.
There are many types of stone tools in the history of Native Americans. Among the many stones that are available, Flint and chert are often the common ones. Prehistoric tools are known for their strength. Stones are common for stone tool making due to the fact that they are flexible enough to be used in making different varieties.
Different Indian stone tools have unique functions and forms. With that, follows are some examples of Native American stone tools that went down in history along with their stone age tools pictures:. These ancient Indian tools are characterized by their being an axe look-a-like.
Most of the time, tools carrying this name are those that have edges sharp enough to cut through things. Also, these tools are often used to smoothen or carve wood. There are times when they also work as a chisel. Adze tools can either be small enough to be used by one hand, or it can be big enough for two hands to maneuver. It will be discussed later on how arrows are one of the fundamental stone age weapons.
As such, the having of arrow straightener tools should not come as a shock. Famous Native Americans. Native American Life. Native Indian Art. Native American Women. Native Indian Weapons. American Indian Artifacts. Indian Warfare. Native American Weapons. How to make a Bow. Bows and Arrows. Gunstock Club. Knife and Dagger. War Clubs. Stone Weapons. Knife Sheaths. The Atlatl Spear thrower. Poisoned Arrow. Hatchet Axe. Battle Hammer.
Jawbone Club. Pick Axe.
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